Fig. 4

GPS prediction of biogeographical affinities for four Indian reference populations: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Madiga, and Kurumba. The original locations corresponding to all four populations are shown in black - square, diamond, circle and triangle respectively. The GPS predicted coordinates of Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Madigas, and Kurumbas are shown in red squares, purple diamonds, blue circles and cyan triangles, respectively. Pie charts reflect the admixture proportions of each of the four reference populations. The colors in the pie charts correspond to those used to represent the various admixture components depicted in Fig. 2. Inset shows stacked bar plots depicting the accuracy of GPS predictions for the four reference populations. Note: in some cases, multiple individuals from certain populations were assigned to the same location and therefore appeared as a single individual. Maps were plotted using the R package rworldmap v1.3–1 [52]